Type 2 diabetes is a lifelong condition where the body is unable to regulate the amount of glucose in the blood. Type 2 diabetes is mainly due to the acceptors of the cells not responding to the insulin or when there is too little insulin in the body. Insulin is a hormone secreted by pancreas, a gland present behind the stomach.
Type 2 diabetes is usually due to obesity or being over weight. Here the insulin is not a must so it known as insulin independent diabetes mellitus. Glucose in present in the foods and sugary drinks and is absorbed as a part of digestion. One of the major function of blood is to carry glucose to all parts of the body. Where it is stored in the muscles cells as energy.
Pancreas contains group of cells which are called as islet of langerhans among which the beta cells are responsible for secretion of insulin. In type 2 the pancreas develops a resistance to insulin production which is commonly as insulin resistance.
among the causes of diabetes family history plays a vital role.
- Excessive urination
- Increased thirst
- Tiredness
- blurred vision
- Itchy skin around genitals i.e. Infections
There may be also changes in weight. Some people may have gained weight while some others may have lost weight due high blood sugar levels.
If diabetes left untreated or ignored it leads to serious complications like heart attack, angina, stroke, diabetic kidney damage, diabetic foot ulcers, diabetic eye damage.
The symptoms of type 2 diabetes develop slowly and most of times a person is unaware of suffering with the disease.
The major causes of type 2 diabetes are :
- Being overweight
- No Physical activity
- Family history
- Smoking
- Drinking alcohol
- Due to race, i.e. African Caribbean, south asian or Hispanic origin.
- Heart attack or stroke
- Diabetes diagnosis
Diabetes diagnosis is done by two tests i.e. blood test and urine test. In blood test the blood glucose level is checked. Blood test is also done at fasting the person. Urine test is done to check whether there are samples of glucose in urine or not.
Diabetes is due to changes in lifestyle. It can also be maintained by bringing changes in lifestyle. Sedentary kind of lifestyle leads to diabetes.
Among changes in lifestyle avoiding smoking and avoiding drinking of alcohol are prominent. Diabetic persons need to take diet rich in fiber and low in simple carbohydrates.
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